Por-none = preface

Qu Korol contenas Attar kol nos Lin Gore dzova para Grea vital in Vearium dile tu Alvillares Hop-tore Ter.

Lin-la-Gor sin Line elmer qie virs usilar por Mandarar dzvis alteres Clotes-la-Cultur, -Cives et –Line ro Heafar vachare tu nos Hop-tor si bovot.

Aelk En, timer En’Kara in Sardare, eduo Lin virs gagar par Toales la Kasta ro Scribi, qui fidberosa aelk uls agnian Civis, et Tametar ta aef metar neodare ro Vachi.

Lin Gore, luk nos dar vita nu, elagoaman ex Lin-la-massoar, qie sin restanda ta tatotre Eanes, nadar par Pul ro Tu-che-par Elmeros ro vos agnian Hop-tor Ter, geamut in Reaclar mi tatorar Alvillares indomars, qui contastus sins odgar in Raes vachar.

Nos, Toales la Kasta-ro-Scribi, Civis’Fori Torcadiensis, hofa mi qu Korol su riba Ta-buner to Scien-grear garneosar la Ter toales mi uls Na-hamelor tu nos Gor.

~*~*~*~

This book contains an attempt to make available in concise form our rich Gorean language to the inhabitants of planet Earth.

The language of Gor is a unity language that is used for communication between the different cultures, cities and language-groups of the human populations on our beautiful planet.

Each year, during the annual fair of En’Kara in the Sardar range, this language is being calibrated by members of the Caste of Writers, each representing their own city, to the always changing needs of the human race.

Gorean, as it is known today, comes forth from a mixed language, dating back more than three centuries ago, when, after the first voyages of acquisition members from your own planet Earth came into contact with those of the then native peoples, which are since then, completely assimilated into the human population.

We, members of the Caste of writers of the free city of Torcadino, hope to give the initial impetus to an renewed acquaintence of those of Earth with their inheritance on our home planet Gor.

~*~*~*~

Ad-iecti ~ Adjectives.
Vil-Nunes krigs Gom zvis Adject et Substan.
All words get a comma in between adjective and subjective.

Ber-Tim ~ past tense.
Vil Nunes krigs Navad’asi Na-ad: ut od at
All words get the suffixes ut or at

Plurales ~ plurals.
Termini: um, us, es, is, us, krigs terminus: i
Terminus: i, krigs terminus ii
Termini: a, b, d, f, g,oz, krigs terminus ae
Termini: l, n, o, p, q, r, t,v, krigs terminus s od es
Terminus x, virs wid buner (is replaced by) par chi.
Nuner-bartar (loanwords) krigs terminus ta.

Substanes ~ nouns
Sunstan contast adnu imm mi Kapital. Nouns almost always start with a capital.

Na-vad’asi ~ suffixes.
-able ~ -bar; -less ~ sa’ng, sin; -end ~ ar; -able ~ -ban
-er ~ us: -on ~ -tu; -ity ~ et; -ship ~ -skap; -ing ~ ar; -re ~ ‘as
-ish ~ ar; -st ~ ‘is, ar; -edge ~ chubanan; -full ~ bor

Por-vad’asi ~ prepositions
ad with fid far oda over
ak off gar re oh to
ber ex il of,from par through
de of, from in in, within por prior to
dzeru back kol (a)round pre for
ec with, by kuo which ro of, from
edar there luk similar to su too
eduo this, these mi with, me ta to, more
elo how. meta after to pending, until
ex out na after, following und beneath, below.
extra outside, od or vid re

Numerales – numerals

0 nil
1 en 11 en-or 21 venta-en
2 se 12 se-or 22 venta-se
3 tre 13 tert 23 venta-tre
4 tetra 14 se-sept 24 venta-tetra
5 sevar 15 or-sevar 25 venta-sevar
6 en-sevar 16 se-sevara 26 venta-en-sevar
7 sept 17 or-sept 27 venta-sept
8 octa 18 or-oct 28 venta-oct
9 nove 19 or- nove 29 venta-nove
10 or 20 venta 30 trenta

40 tetara 60 se-trenta 80 octar
50 sevara 70 septa 90 nova
100 orlus 200 se-orlus 300 tre-orlus
400 tetr’orlus 500 sevar-orlus 600 en-sevar-orlus
700 sept-orlus 800 oct-orlus 900 nove-orlus
1000 oralus 2000 se-oralus 3000 tre-oralus etc.

Preposi – prepositions

ap but par thru, by versus anti
de from por for, before versus against
ec with ro of the, from veru on what
extra outer,outside si thus vi all
in in ta more, to zvis in between
kol round, around tato then
la from to on, until
luk like tu to
na after und under
od or var where, within

Pronuni personales – personal pronouns

Lo/la I (m,f) mir/mira mine (m,f)
tu you lau your(s)
ille,illa he/she ilm/ilam his/hers/theirs
nos we nos ours
vos you vo,Vo you, thou
ill(a) they (m,f) uls them/those
mi me

Pronuni ekestiones/tahantes – questioned/designated pronouns

dar that, that which eduo this, these
edar there kuo which
edar-kol therefore, because qi who
elo how qu this
evar where qui which, whom
evarkol why var in, within, what

Vurbae – Verbs (excerpt)

Vurb/verb Ber-tim/ Paticipium/ Odalin/translation
past tense participle

a-ker a-kat a-kar buy, purchase
ad adat adar reconcile, adjust
adiara adiarat adiaran help, assist
agnian agnianut agnianar possess, enjoy
areta aretat aretar stop, finish

bar bart barat hit, strike
bartar bartat bartatar exchange, swap
bendan bendut bend bend, twist
bog bogat bogar bend, turn
bukian bukianat bukanar acquire

chuban chubanut chubanar be able to
cruk crok crokar bow
curva curvat curvar bend, curve

diron dironkat dironkar drink

e-dira e-dir-at e-dir-ar hear, listen
eela elat elar beg, request
ekes ekat ekar inquire

fec foct foctar (arch) feel
feca fecat fecar feel
fiala fialat fialar fall
fixeran fixeranut fixeranar prescribe, fix

gep gepat gepar have
goaman goamanut goamanar come

hintham hinthum hinthar hunt
holdan holdanut holdanar hold, grasp
hop hap hapar jump

immola immolat immolar slaughter, butcher

kan kanut kanutar burn
kara karat karar turn, revolve
keliba kelibar keliban (arch) be
keria keriat keriar write
klima klimat klimar glisten, glem, sparkle
kosara kosarat kosarar to become ill.

labora laborat laborar work
legan leganut leganar read
ligan ligon ligar lay down
li-ling lingat-li lingar-li whisper
linga lingat lingar speak, talk

mea meat mear stand for, mean,
medoma medomut medomar think
myseran myseranut myseranar must

nima nimat nimar take, get, obtain

permisan permisanut permisanar agree, give permission
porgeata porgeut porgear possess
porgoaman porgoamut porgoamar happen, occur
porta portat portar carry

quat quatat quatar wait

rara rarat raratar battle, fight
rig rigat rigar aim

sa sat sarar live
scien scienut scienar know, understand
sederan sederanut sederanar sit
seola seolat seolar shall
si-bendan si-bendanut si-bend bend oneself
si-gilda si-gildat si-gildar assert oneself
sic-ad sic-adat sic-adar comply with
sic-intsepara sic-intseparat sic-intseparar excert oneself
sin sinat sinar be
sona sonat sonatar sing
suk sukut sukar drain, suck

talara talarat talar speak, talk
tira tirat tirar pull
tola tolat tolar give
tolara tolarat tolaratar take away
ton tat tar do
tore toreat torear shine
tula tulat tular congeal, thicken, clot

usila usilat usilar use

vad vadat vadar go, walk
va-pora va-po-rat va-por-ar smell
var varat var rest
va’rhan va’rhanut va’rharar sail, navigate
vicer vicerut vicerar win
viker vikerat vikeratar go away, disappear
vikpul vikpulut vikpular leave
villain villianut villianar want to
vira virat virar become

wis wisat wisar know

INFLEXIONES – Inflections

bola-to plow bukian – buy gep – have hintham - hunt

lo/a bolar(a) lo(a) bukiana lo/la gep(a) lo/la hintham(a)
tu bola tu bukiani tu gepa tu hintha
ill(a)e bolas(a) ill(a)e bukias(a) ill(a)e gep(a) ill(a)e hinthamas(a)
nos bolares nos bukianas nos gepes nos hinthams
vos bolares vos bukianas vos gepes vos hinthams
ils bolars ils bukians ils geps ils hinthamans

keria – write li-ling – whisper sin – live vira - become

lo/la keriar(a) lo/la lingar (a) li lo/la si(a) lo/la vir(a)
tu keria tu linga li tu sa tu var
ill(a)e kerias(a) ill(a)e ligas(a) li ill(a)e sin(a) ill(a)e virs(a)
nos kerianas nos lingas li nos sines nos vires
vos kerianas vos lingas li vos sines vos vires
ils kerians ils lingans li ils sins ils virs

si-gilda – assert sic-ad – comply si-bendan - bend
oneself with oneself

lo/la mi gildar(a) lo/la mi ad lo/la mi bendar(a)
tu tam gilda tu tam ad tu tam benda
ill(a)e sic-gildas(a) ill(a)e sic-ad(a) ill(a) si-bendanas(a)
nos nos gildara nos nos ades non nos bendan
vos tam gildara vos tam ades vos tam bendan
ils si gildar ils sic-ads ils si-bendan

Oda-stricanes et fid-polares ~ Comparatives and superlatives

bonus ta-bonus mag-bonus good better best
bovot ta-bovot mag-bovot clean cleaner cleanest
fuol ta-fuol mag-fuol full fuller fullest
grandis ta-grandis mag-grandis great greater greatest
radadz ta-radadz mag-radadz smart smarter smartest
har har-ta har-mag fast faster fastest
li li-ta li-mag small smaller smallest
pol pol-ta pol-mag high higher highest
prêt pret-ta prêt-mag beautiful more beautiful most b.

Mesures et Vaghti – Measures and weights.
Par la kasta ro Bolteri. By the caste of Builders

1 Gramma (gram) = ca 0,9 earth grams
1 Pond o (pound) = 500 Grammae = ca 450 Earth grams.
1 Stan (stone) = 4 Pondi = ca 1,8 Earth Kilograms.
1 Vaght (weight) = 10 Stani = ca 18 Earth Kilograms.

1 Tef (handful).
1 Tefa = 6 Tefi.
5 Tefi = 1 Huda (box).

1 Hort = 1 1/4 inches, or 3,175 cm.
1 Hand (hand) = 3 Horti, or 9,52 cm.
1 Pes (foot) = 10 Horti, or 31,75 cm.
1 Ah-il (ell) = 5 Hantae, or 47,6 Earth centimetres.
1 Gard (metre) = 3 Pesi, or 95,25 Earth centimetres.
1 Ah-ral (decimetre) = 10 Ah-ilae, or 4,76 Earth metres.
1 Pasang (kilometre) = 1000 Gardi, or 952,5 Earth metres.

1 Gil = 0,24 Earth litres.
1 Pint = 4 Giles, or 0,96 Earth Litres.
1 Talu = 5 Pinti, or 7,68 Earth litres.

Sustema discii – monetary system.

Tarsk bit (small copper coin) = smallest valuta
Discus Kuprium (large copper disc) = 8 Tarsk biti
Tarsk Argentum (silver coin) = 100 Disci Kuprium
Tarn Discus Aurium (golden tarn discus) = 10 Tarski Argentum
Tarnus-dupel (double tarn) = 2 Disci Aurium

Tim – time

Ihn (second) = 1,35 sec. Mensus (month) = 25 Dagae
Ehn (minute) = 80 Ihn = 1,8 min. En (year) = 12 Mensi +
Ahn (hour) = 40 Ehn = 72 min. /Passus Hands/Quat Hands
Dag (day) = 20 Ahn Passus Hand (passage hand)
Vicu (week) = 5 Dagae. Quat Hand (waiting hand)
Scientor (Scienti-ri-tor’in-lufe) – astronomy (science of the lights in the sky).

Kol Gor tora tre mesis – around Gor travel three moons: Prensis, Serensis and Terensis.

Sustem Lar-Torvise - The sun system.

Lar-Torvis - The sun (the central fire.)
Nab-tor - Mercurius
Stella-grandis - Venus
Gor - Gor (Home)
Ter - Earth
Rarius - Mars
Hersius - Jupiter

KO-LO-RES – colors

adzur - azure aberon - bronze
argentum - silver
aurium - gold narani - orange
blanca - white pennacol - brown
dina - pink
cister - grey porphos - deep purple
gren - green sable - black
helvus - yellow shakat - scarlet
kassar - blood-red ta - purple
kuprium - copper venim - blue
ochrus - ochre volt - red

Familia ~ the family

Britani/English Gore/Gorean Plural/plural Li-Nun/diminutive

Human Vax Vachi
Life Sa Sae
Man Pa Pae
Woman Tara Tarae
Father Pater Pateres Pa
Mother Tassna Tassnae Tana
Son Filus Filusi Ho
Daughter Tarna Tarnae Ta
Grandfather Por-Pater Por-pateres Porpa
Grandmother Por-Tassna Por-tassnae Porta
Grandson Na-Filus Na-Filusi Nafus
Granddaughter Na-Tarna Na-Tarnae Na-na
Brother Brot Brot Bro
Sister Sora Sorae Di-di
Uncle Nonkus Nonki Non
Aunt Nonka Nonkae No-na
Nephew Kiv Kives
Niece Kiva Kivae
Jongen Lil-Pa Lil-Pae Bup
Girl Kai Kaii Ka
Child Barn, Chin Barnae, Chines Ba
Adolescent Chin-Maiior Chin-Maiiores Chimor
Adult Falarinar
Married Koparar
Consort Ko-Pa Ko-Pae
Consort (F) Ko-pa-na Ko-pa-nae
Free companion (F) Compana-Fori Companae-Fori
Friend Amicus Amici Amis
Friend (F) Amica Amicae Ama
Ancestor Er-Pater Er-Pateres
Ancestry Por-Sa
Offspring Na-San
Family San Sanae
Family line Chin-San
Companion Compan Companes
Companion (F) Compana Companae
Love Liobar
Sweet